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D. A. B. Miller, D. S. Chemla, T. C. Damen,
A. C. Gossard, W. Wiegmann, T. H. Wood and C. A. Burrus, "Bandedge Electro-absorption
in Quantum Well Structures: The Quantum Confined Stark Effect," Phys. Rev. Lett. 53,
2173-2177 (1984). The authors present theory and extended experimental results
for the large shift in optical absorption in GaAs-AlGaAs quantum well structures with
electric field perpendicular to the layers. In contrast to the Stark effect on atoms or on
excitons in bulk semiconductors, the exciton resonances remain resolved even for shifts
much larger than the zero-field binding energy and fields >50 times the classical
ionization field. The model explains these results as a consequence of the quantum
confinement of carriers
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