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D. A. B. Miller, D. S. Chemla, T. C. Damen,
T. H. Wood, C. A. Burrus, A. C. Gossard and W. Wiegmann, "Optical-level Shifter and
Self-Linearized Optical Modulator Using a Quantum-Well Self-Electro-Optic Effect
Device," Optics Lett. 9, 567-569 (1984). The authors demonstrate an
optical-level shifter and a modulator whose transmission varies linearly with drive
current, both based on a new, negative-feedback mode of operation of the recently
discovered quantum-well self-electro-optic effect device. The system is compatible with
both laser diodes as low-power semiconductor electronics and is applicable in both analog
and digital optical processing. An extension of the system gives inverted, linear
modulation of a coherent beam by an incoherent light source
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