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M. N. Islam, C. E. Soccolich,
D. A. B. Miller, "Low-Energy ultrafast fiber soliton logic
gates," Optics Letters, 90, 909-911, (1990). The authors have reduced
the switching energy for an all-optical soliton dragging NOR gate to 5.8 pJ by using a
two-fiber configuration and optimizing the fiber and laser parameters. The cascadable NOR
gate has a fanout of six, restores both the logic level and timing, and can operate at bit
rates of up to 0.2 THz. In addition, they show that soliton dragging can be represented as
a generalized exclusive-or module with high functionality. Two such modules can be
interconnected as NOR and AND gates or broadcast and routing switches
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